1] Mubarak Al-Marri, Hazem M. Raafat, Mustafa Abdallah, Sherif M. Abdou, and Mohsen A. Rashwan. Computer aided qur’an pronunciation using DNN. Journal of Intelligent and Fuzzy Systems, 34(5):3257–3271, 2018.

[2] Hazem M. Raafat, M. Shamim Hossain, Ehab Essa, Samir Elmougy, Ahmed S. Tolba, Ghulam Muhammad, and Ahmed Ghoneim. Fog intelli- gence for real-time iot sensor data analytics. IEEE Access, 5:24062–24069, 2017.

[3] Aisha Al-Mutairi, Hamdi Yahyaoui, and Hazem M. Raafat. Lattice-based ranking for service trust behaviors. Knowl. Based Syst., 102:20–38, 2016.

[4] Ahmed Ezzat Magooda, Mohamed A. Zahran, Mohsen A. Rashwan, Hazem M. Raafat, and Magda B. Fayek. Vector based techniques for short answer grading. In Proceedings of the Twenty-Ninth International Florida Artificial Intelligence Research Society Conference, FLAIRS 2016, Key Largo, Florida, USA, May 16-18, 2016, pages 238–243. AAAI Press, 2016.

[5] Ahmed Magooda, Amr Gomaa, Ashraf Y. Mahgoub, Hany Ahmed, Mohsen A. Rashwan, Hazem M. Raafat, Eslam Kamal, and Ahmad A. Al Sallab. Rdi team at semeval-2016 task 3: RDI unsupervised framework for text ranking. In Proceedings of the 10th International Workshop on Semantic Evaluation, SemEval@NAACL-HLT 2016, San Diego, CA, USA, June 16-17, 2016, pages 822–827. The Asso- ciation for Computer Linguistics, 2016.

[6] Mohsen A. Rashwan, Ahmad A. Al Sallab, Hazem M. Raafat, and Ahmed Rafea. Deep learning framework with confused sub-set resolution architec- ture for automatic arabic diacritization. IEEE ACM Trans. Audio Speech Lang. Process., 23(3):505–516, 2015.

[7] Mohamed A. Zahran, Ahmed Magooda, Ashraf Y. Mahgoub, Hazem M. Raafat, Mohsen A. Rashwan, and Amir Atyia. Word representations invector space and their applications for arabic. In Alexander F. Gelbukh, editor, Computational Linguistics and Intelligent Text Processing - 16th International Conference, CICLing 2015, Cairo, Egypt, April 14-20, 2015, Proceedings, Part I, volume 9041 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 430–443. Springer, 2015.

[8] Ahmed Magooda, Ashraf Y. Mahgoub, Mohsen A. Rashwan, Magda B. Fayek, and Hazem M. Raafat. RDI system for extrinsic plagiarism detec- tion (rdi red), working notes for panaraplagdet at FIRE 2015. In  Post Proceedings of the Workshops at the 7th Forum for Information Re- trieval Evaluation, Gandhinagar, India, December 4-6, 2015, volume 1587 of CEUR Workshop Proceedings, pages 126–128. CEUR-WS.org, 2015.

[9] Ashraf Y. Mahgoub, Ahmed Magooda, Mohsen A. Rashwan, Magda B. Fayek, and Hazem M. Raafat. RDI system for intrinsic plagiarism detec- tion (rdi rid), working notes for panaraplagdet at FIRE 2015. In  Post Proceedings of the Workshops at the 7th Forum for Information Re- trieval Evaluation, Gandhinagar, India, December 4-6, 2015, volume 1587 of CEUR Workshop Proceedings, pages 129–130. CEUR-WS.org, 2015.

[10] Mohamed A. Zahran, Hazem M. Raafat, and Mohsen A. Rashwan. Cross lingual lexical substitution using word representation in vector space. In Proceedings of the Twenty-Eighth International Florida Artificial Intelligence Research Society Conference, FLAIRS 2015, Hollywood, Florida, USA, May 18-20, 2015, pages 211–216. AAAI Press, 2015.

[11] Ahmad A. Al Sallab, Mohsen A. Rashwan, Hazem M. Raafat, and Ahmed Rafea. Automatic arabic diacritics restoration based on deep nets. In Proceedings of the EMNLP 2014 Workshop on Arabic Natural Language Processing, ANLP@EMNLP 20104, Doha, Qatar, October 25, 2014, pages 65–72. Association for Computa- tional Linguistics, 2014.

[12] Ashraf Y. Mahgoub, Mohsen A. Rashwan, Hazem M. Raafat, Mohamed A. Zahran, and Magda B. Fayek. Semantic query expansion for arabic infor- mation retrieval. In  Proceedings of the EMNLP 2014 Workshop on Arabic Natural Language Processing, ANLP@EMNLP 20104, Doha, Qatar, October 25, 2014, pages 87–92. As- sociation for Computational Linguistics, 2014.

[13] Hazem M. Raafat, Mohamed A. Zahran, and Mohsen A. Rashwan. Arabase - A database combining different arabic resources with lexical and semantic information. In Kecheng Liu, Ana L. N. Fred, and Joaquim Filipe, editors, KDIR/KMIS 2013 - Proceedings of the International Conference on Knowl- edge Discovery and Information Retrieval and the International Conference on Knowledge Management and Information Sharing, Vilamoura, Algarve, Portugal, 19 - 22 September, 2013, pages 233–240. SciTePress, 2013.

[14] Mahdi Khalifa, Hazem M. Raafat, and Mohammed Almulla. Machine learning approach to enhance the design of automated theorem provers. In Neural Information Processing - 19th International Conference, ICONIP 2012, Doha, Qatar, November 12-15, 2012, Proceedings, Part II, volume 7664 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 673–682. Springer, 2012.

[15] Hazem M. Raafat, Ahmad S. Tolba, and Alhussain M. Aly. A novel training weighted ensemble (TWE) with application to face recognition. Appl. Soft Comput., 11(4):3608–3617, 2011.

[16] Ahmad Alsaeed Tolba, Hamayun Ahmed Khan, and Hazem M. Raafat. Feature fusion for automated visual inspection of flat surface products. I. J. Comput. Appl., 17(3):133–143, 2010.

[17] Waheeda Al-Mayyan, Hala S. Own, and Hazem M. Raafat. Rough set based global features for online signature identification. Egyptian Computer Science Journal, 31(1), 2009.

[18] Hazem M. Raafat, Ahmad S. Tolba, and Ezzat Shaddad. Committee ma- chines for facial-gender recognition. Int. J. Hybrid Intell. Syst., 6(1):41–51, 2009.

[19] Ahmed Almonayyes, Hazem M. Raafat, Mohammed Almulla, and Rana’a Alharshani. Improving the time efficiency of proving theorems using a learning mechanism. Int. J. Comput. Math., 77(2):169–180, 2001.

[20] Abdul Nasser S. Abu-Rezq, Ahmad S. Tolba, Hazem M. Raafat, and Mo- hammad A. Quminasi. Implementation and performance evaluation of a gesture-to-arabic-speech translation system. I. J. Comput. Appl., 8(3), 2001.

[21] Ahmad Almonayyes, Hazem M. Raafat, and Mohammed Almulla. A learn- ing mechanism to enhance the time efficiency of proving theorems. In C. C. Hung, editor, Proceedings of the ISCA 16th International Conference Com- puters and Their Applications, March 28-30, 2001, Seattle, Washington, USA, pages 268–271. ISCA, 2001.

[22] Gasser Auda, Mohamed Kamel, and Hazem M. Raafat. Modular neural network architectures for classification. In Proceedings of International Conference on Neural Networks (ICNN’96), Washington, DC, USA, June 3-6, 1996, pages 1279–1284. IEEE, 1996.

[23] Gasser Auda, Mohamed Kamel, and Hazem M. Raafat. Voting schemes for cooperative neural network classifiers. In Proceedings of International Con- ference on Neural Networks (ICNN’95), Perth, WA, Australia, November 27 - December 1, 1995, pages 1240–1243. IEEE, 1995.

[24] Hazem M. Raafat and Gasser Auda. An arabic OCR using neural net- work classifiers. In  Image Analysis Applications and Computer Graphics, Third International Computer Science Conference, ICSC’95, Hong Kong, December 11-13, 1995, Proceedings, volume 1024 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 510–511. Springer, 1995.

[25] Hazem M. Raafat, Zhongsen Yang, and David A. Gauthier. Relational spatial topologies for historical geographical information. International Jour- nal of Geographical Information Systems, 8(2):163–173, 1994.

[26] Mohsen A. Rashwan, Hazem M. Raafat, Abdulla Ismail, Hussein I. Shahein, and Mohamed H. El-Shafie. Improving classification using a tree structured neural network. Journal of Intelligent and Fuzzy Systems, 2(2):101–114, 1994.

[27] Hazem M. Raafat and Mohsen A. Rashwan. A tree structured neural net- work. In 2nd International Conference Document Analysis and Recognition, ICDAR ’93, October 20-22, 1993, Tsukuba City, Japan, pages 939–941. IEEE Computer Society, 1993.

[28] Qinghan Xiao and Hazem M. Raafat. Fingerprint image postprocess- ing: A combined statistical and structural approach. Pattern Recognit., 24(10):985–992, 1991.

[29] Hazem M. Raafat, Qinghan Xiao, and David A. Gauthier. An extended relational database for remotely sensed image data management within GIS. IEEE Trans. Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 29(4):651–655, 1991.

[30] Hazem M. Raafat and Andrew K. C. Wong. A texture information-directed region growing algorithm for image segmentation and region classification. Computer Vision, Graphics, and Image Processing, 43(1):1–21, 1988.